ASTM D6340-1998(2007) 在含水或合成环境中测定放射性标记塑料材料的需氧生物降解性的标准试验方法
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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodsforDeterminingAerobicBiodegradationofRadiolabeledPlasticMaterialsinanAqueousorCompostEnvironment
【原文标准名称】:在含水或合成环境中测定放射性标记塑料材料的需氧生物降解性的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD6340-1998(2007)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1998
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D20.96
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:堆肥处理(废弃物);需氧生物降解;堆肥环境;试验;程度;生物降解能力;塑料;比例;碳;含水环境;生物氧化;污水;放射性标记;城市固体废物;塑料材料
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:Thesetestmethodscanprovidedirectandunequivocalevidenceofaerobicbiodegradability.ThisrequiresthattheradiochemicalpurityoftheplasticisverifiedusingTestMethodD5296.Thesemethodsalsoprovidetheopportunitytodeterminetherateofbiologicaloxidationinacompletecompostingenvironmentoraqueousenvironmentbyfrequentperiodicsamplingofcarbondioxide.Thesemethodsprovidebiodegradationdataatuselevelsoftheplasticinafullcyclecompostingprocessoranaqueoussystem.1.1Thesetestmethodsdirectlydeterminetherateanddegreeofbiologicaloxidationofcarboninplasticmaterialswhenplacedinacompostingenvironmentcontainingsimulatedmunicipalsolidwasteoranaqueousenvironmentunderlaboratoryconditions.1.2TestMethodAutilizesamixedculturederivedfromthetargetenvironment(wastewater,sewagesludge,composteluant,andotherenvironmentalsources).Temperature,mixing,andaerationaremonitoredandcontrolled.1.2.1Thismethodhasthesensitivitytodeterminebiodegradationatconcentrationscommonlyfoundintheseenvironments.1.3TestMethodBstartswithfreshcompostandproceedsthroughthenormalcompostingprocesstoanearlymaturestage.Temperature,aeration;andmoisturearemonitoredandcontrolled.1.3.1Thismethodcandeterminebiodegradationatlevelsoftheplasticcommonlyexpectedinmunicipalsolidwaste.1.4Thesetestmethodsrequirethatthetargetcomponentoftheplasticmaterialbesynthesizedusingtheradioactiveisotopecarbon-14.Dependingupontheobjective,eitheraportionofthecomponentsoftheplasticorallofthecarboncanbeuniformlylabeledwithcarbon-14.Thetestmethodwilldeterminehowthatlabeledportionwillbemetabolizedandbiologicallyoxidizedbythemicroorganismsinthesystemtested.1.5Thesetestmethodscanbeappliedtoanycarbon-14labeledcompoundaswellasforplasticmaterialsthathavebeenformulatedtobiodegradeinanaturalaerobicenvironment.1.6Thesynthesisandpreparationoftheradiolabledplasticisbeyondthescopeofthesemethods.Carbon-14labeledpolymersmaybepurchasedfromanumberofcommerciallabs.1.7TherearenoISOtestmethodsthatareequivalenttothetestmethodsinthisstandard.1.8Thesafetyproblemsassociatedwithcompostandradioactivityarenotaddressedinthisstandard.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpractices.Itisalsoincumbentontheusertoconformtoalltheregulatoryrequirements,specificallythosethatrelatetotheuseofopenradioactivesources.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:G31
【国际标准分类号】:13_030_40
【页数】:7P.;A4
【正文语种】:
【原文标准名称】:在含水或合成环境中测定放射性标记塑料材料的需氧生物降解性的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD6340-1998(2007)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1998
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D20.96
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:堆肥处理(废弃物);需氧生物降解;堆肥环境;试验;程度;生物降解能力;塑料;比例;碳;含水环境;生物氧化;污水;放射性标记;城市固体废物;塑料材料
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:Thesetestmethodscanprovidedirectandunequivocalevidenceofaerobicbiodegradability.ThisrequiresthattheradiochemicalpurityoftheplasticisverifiedusingTestMethodD5296.Thesemethodsalsoprovidetheopportunitytodeterminetherateofbiologicaloxidationinacompletecompostingenvironmentoraqueousenvironmentbyfrequentperiodicsamplingofcarbondioxide.Thesemethodsprovidebiodegradationdataatuselevelsoftheplasticinafullcyclecompostingprocessoranaqueoussystem.1.1Thesetestmethodsdirectlydeterminetherateanddegreeofbiologicaloxidationofcarboninplasticmaterialswhenplacedinacompostingenvironmentcontainingsimulatedmunicipalsolidwasteoranaqueousenvironmentunderlaboratoryconditions.1.2TestMethodAutilizesamixedculturederivedfromthetargetenvironment(wastewater,sewagesludge,composteluant,andotherenvironmentalsources).Temperature,mixing,andaerationaremonitoredandcontrolled.1.2.1Thismethodhasthesensitivitytodeterminebiodegradationatconcentrationscommonlyfoundintheseenvironments.1.3TestMethodBstartswithfreshcompostandproceedsthroughthenormalcompostingprocesstoanearlymaturestage.Temperature,aeration;andmoisturearemonitoredandcontrolled.1.3.1Thismethodcandeterminebiodegradationatlevelsoftheplasticcommonlyexpectedinmunicipalsolidwaste.1.4Thesetestmethodsrequirethatthetargetcomponentoftheplasticmaterialbesynthesizedusingtheradioactiveisotopecarbon-14.Dependingupontheobjective,eitheraportionofthecomponentsoftheplasticorallofthecarboncanbeuniformlylabeledwithcarbon-14.Thetestmethodwilldeterminehowthatlabeledportionwillbemetabolizedandbiologicallyoxidizedbythemicroorganismsinthesystemtested.1.5Thesetestmethodscanbeappliedtoanycarbon-14labeledcompoundaswellasforplasticmaterialsthathavebeenformulatedtobiodegradeinanaturalaerobicenvironment.1.6Thesynthesisandpreparationoftheradiolabledplasticisbeyondthescopeofthesemethods.Carbon-14labeledpolymersmaybepurchasedfromanumberofcommerciallabs.1.7TherearenoISOtestmethodsthatareequivalenttothetestmethodsinthisstandard.1.8Thesafetyproblemsassociatedwithcompostandradioactivityarenotaddressedinthisstandard.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpractices.Itisalsoincumbentontheusertoconformtoalltheregulatoryrequirements,specificallythosethatrelatetotheuseofopenradioactivesources.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:G31
【国际标准分类号】:13_030_40
【页数】:7P.;A4
【正文语种】:
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